Examples of expressions:
x
+ (y x)
+ (x x)
+ (\x y)
+ (\x x)
+ (\x (\y x))
+ (x (\x x))
+ ((\x (x x)) (\x (x x)))
The lambda calculus has an associated proof theory. For now, we can regard the
proof theory as having just one rule, called the rule of **beta-reduction** or