1. Your first assignment is to complete the definitions of `move_botleft` and `move_right_or_up`. (Really it should be `move_right_or_up_..._and_right`.)
+ <a id=enumerate1></a>
Having completed that, we can use define a function that enumerates a tree's fringe, step by step, until it's exhausted:
let make_fringe_enumerator (t: 'a tree) =
3. Now we'll talk about another way to implement the `make_fringe_enumerator` function above (and so too the `same_fringe` function which uses it). Notice that the pattern given above is that the `make_fringe_enumerator` creates a `next_leaf` function and an initial state, and each time you want to advance the `next_leaf` by one step, you do so by calling it with the current state. It will return a leaf label plus a modified state, which you can use when you want to call it again and take another step. All of the `next_leaf` function's memory about where it is in the enumeration is contained in the state. If you saved an old state, took three steps, and then called the `next_leaf` function again with the saved old state, it would be back where it was three steps ago. But in fact, the way we use the `next_leaf` function and state above, there is no back-tracking. Neither do we "fork" any of the states and pursue different forward paths. Their progress is deterministic, and fixed independently of anything that `same_fringe` might do. All that's up to `same_fringe` is to take the decision of when (and whether) to take another step forward.
Given that usage pattern, it would be appropriate and convenient to make the `next_leaf` function remember its state itself, in a mutable variable. The client function `same_fringe` doesn't need to do anything with, or even be given access to, this variable. Here's how we might write `make_fringe_enumerator` according to this plan:
+<a id=enumerate2></a>
let make_fringe_enumerator (t: 'a tree) =
(* create a zipper focusing the botleft of t *)
# next2 ();;
- : int option = None
+<a id=streams1></a>
## Same-fringe using streams ##
Now we'll describe a different way to create "the little subprograms" that we built above with `make_fringe_enumerator`. This code will make use of a data structure called a "stream". A stream is like a list in that it wraps a series of elements of a single type. It differs from a list in that the tail of the series is left uncomputed until needed. We turn the stream off and on by thunking it, nad by forcing the thunk.
Okay, now armed with the idea of a stream, let's use a Scheme version of them to handle the same-fringe problem. This code is taken from <http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?SameFringeProblem>. It uses thunks to delay the evaluation of code that computes the tail of a list of a tree's fringe. It also involves passing "the rest of the enumeration of the fringe" as a thunk argument (`tail-thunk` below). Your assignment is to fill in the blanks in the code, **and also to supply comments to the code,** to explain what every significant piece is doing. Don't forget to supply the comments, this is an important part of the assignment.
+<a id=scheme></a>
This code uses Scheme's `cond` construct. That works like this;
(cond
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+<a id=streams2></a>
+
4. Here is the Scheme code handling the same-fringe problem. You should fill in the blanks:
(define (lazy-flatten tree)